AERODYNAMIC DESIGN OF GUIDED WEAPONS WITH EXAMPLE APPLIED TO SAM
Aim of the Course:
The main purpose of the course is to gain knowledge in general aerodynamic configuration design and deepening knowledge in systematic details for surface-to-air missile (SAM). The lectures will cover linear and nonlinear phenomena, important steps and design procedures. Course lectures will be supported by related slides and examples of calculation, and systematic calculation of a Generic SAM (mid-range, two wings sections). Beside of prepared calculated data, some calculation will be done “on line” by lecturer’s software. Related references will be suggested for detail readings. It is assumed that attendees of course have good knowledge in general projectile aerodynamics.
Who should attend?
The course is intended for graduated students, engineers - researchers in the research institutions and engineers in the productions factories. It is advanced course, and it is assumed that attendees of course have good knowledge in general projectile aerodynamics (for basic knowledge see course “Classical Aerodynamics of Projectiles and Rockets”)
Duration:
Duration is two weeks (12 working days); 54 lectures (one lecture duration 45 min), but other arrangement is possible.
Course Outline
First part - "Missile Aerodynamic Design - General Topics"
1. Introduction
The role of aerodynamics in guided weapon, Configuration layouts, Examples of typical configurations in service, Basic missile characteristics and aerodynamic requirements.
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2. Body Design
Missile diameter and drag consideration, Nose shaping, Influence of boattail, Flare stabilizer, Normal force and center of pressure - static stability at low and high AOA.
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3. Wing Design (e.g., wing, tail, canard)
Wing AC, Surface Geometry Tradeoffs, Normal force center of pressure, AC at high AOA, Influence of Mach number, Influence of wing geometry parameters.
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4. Control Surface Design
Control surface geometry, Importance of hinge moment, Influence of AOA and Mach number on AC, Grid control surfaces, Slotted canards, Split canards, Influence of slots on control effectiveness.
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5. Interference phenomena
Body-wing (e.g., wing, tail, canard) interference, Canard-wing (e.g., wing-tail) interference, AC and their derivatives, Influence of excrescences (protuberances).
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6. Missile Configuration Design
Wings vs. no wings configuration, Trim conditions, Canard, tail and wing control configuration, The importance of drag and means for drag reduction, Influence of Mach number.
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7. Design for requirements
Design for the load factor requirement, Design for Stability and Control Criteria, Wing sizing, Control surface sizing.
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8. Flight Control Alternatives
Maneuver and control alternatives, Influence of missile roll orientation on AC, Skid-to-turn maneuvering, Bank-to-turn maneuvering, Rolling airframe maneuvering.
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9. Methods of determination of AC
Numerical methods, Wind tunnel testing, Free flight testing Accuracy and efficiency tradeoff.
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Second part - "Workshop on Aerodynamic Design for Surface-To-Air Missile"
10. Basic missile dynamic characteristics
Velocity profile, Aerodynamic transfer functions of short period motion and rolling motion, Stability, Natural frequency, Load factor, Damping ratio, Influence of height of flight.
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11. Missile airframe and autopilot
Autopilot characteristics and requirements for missile, Unstable configuration, Synthetic stability of statically unstable configuration.
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12. Control configurations
Aerodynamic phenomena associated with vortex interaction, Canard control configuration, Tail control configuration, Wing control configuration, Advantages and disadvantages of the configurations, Free to roll tail concept.
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13. TVC and Lateral reaction jet control
Increased load factor requirements and side jet control, Review of TVC controls, Reaction jet force, Procedure for determination of side jet force.
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14. Aerodynamic design procedure
Missile conceptual design process, Flow-diagram of aerodynamic configuration design, Synthesis by iteration.
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15. Generic SAM
Requirements and constrains. Examination of canard-controlled and tail-controlled alternatives for generic SAM: Calculation of basic characteristics, Criteria for choosing solution from different alternatives.
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16. Consideration of jet force for generic missile
Calculation of force magnitude and action time, Comparison of the aerodynamic performance (maneuverability, control effectiveness) with and without TVC missile configuration for Generic missile.
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17. Methods of calculation of AC
Semi-empirical linear and high AOA methods, CFD methods, Accuracy and efficiency tradeoff, Example for Generic missile.
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Lecturer: Dr Miodrag Curcin